The south of Tunisia is famous for its remoteness and the unique Berber fortresses, the ksour, which dot its hills. The region has been considered the fringe of Tunisia since the Middle Ages when Arab traders avoided its roads, preferring instead to travel the coast and avoid the Berber, who were notorious bandits and readily drove out foreigners.
The south's arid mountains and steep escarpments dip down towards the Grand Erg Oriental arm of the Sahara, and have never been highly populated. Nowadays tourism, agricultural investment and the oil industry have helped change the northward migration of its populace.